19th Oct, 2015, Greek economy shows signs of dynamism amid politicalsystem which faces the Fall of Athens' Wall

·         Greece’s Commons approved the omnibus bill by a majority of 154 coalition over 300. There was one SYRIZA MP who was absent during the vote; however she sent a letter according to which she would have voted ‘Yes’ if she would have participated in the vote. In addition, Independent Greeks’ Nikolopoulos voted against 6 articles of this bill.In an incident during Tsipras’ speech, a woman started shouting to him from the gallery of Commons that Greek people voted No in last referendum.  

 

·         The first omnibus bill included pensions’ cuts and measures against tax evasion. Creditors quartet will arrive in Athens tomorrow to review progress and decide on the release of 2 bios disbursement.        

·         France’s Hollande will be visiting Greece in 22nd October. He will be accompanied by a significant business contingent which will discuss ways to cooperate and/or invest in Greek assets. France has expressed interest to participate in the privatization of Greek railway network.

·         Russian companies which were planning to participate in bidding process of privatization of railway companies ROSCO, TRENOSE and port of Thessaloniki, stated that they will propose to their main shareholder (Russian state) to withdraw from bidding process.

·         According to Greece’s Foundation for Economic & Industrial Research (IOBE), expectations improved significantly in Sep’15 vs. previous month. More specifically, the business expectations index increased to 78.8 in Sep vs. 67.4 in Aug. This improvement was based on better expectations in exports’ index for the next three months, which was increased to +14.3 in Sep. vs -10.5 in Aug. In addition, there was a significant increase in sales’ expectations to +2.9 in Sep’15, from -33.1 in previous month.

·         Exports (without fuels) increased by +6.8% in Aug’15 vs. a decrease of -4.5% in Aug.’14. During the period Jan-Aug, exports increased by +12.3% vs. a decrease of -2.6% during the same period in 2014. More specifically, exports of agricultural products increased by +17.1%, olive oil by +202.4%, drinks and tobacco by +23.1% and machinery by +19%. On the other hand, imports (without fuels) decreased by -8.4% in Aug’14 and by -2.0% during the period Jan-Aug 2015 resulting to a reduction of trade balance deficit.  

·         Industrial production increased by 4.5% in Aug’15. This increase is related to a) manufacturing (+4.2%) b) exports (+6.8%) and c) production of energy (+9.0%) due to decrease of energy imports. More specifically, the basic metals’ index closed at 100.2 in Aug’15 vs. 79.5 in Aug’14, which represents an increase of +26.1% (annualised). The foods’ index increased to 119.0 (+3.4%), the drinks/beverages increased to 116.9 (+13.8%). The tobacco index increased to 118 (+38.1%). The refineries’ index increased to 121.4 (+2.2%) and electronics index at 117.8, pharmaceuticals increased by +8.9%. chemicals by 1.1%, paper by +10.5%, textiles by +23.9% and electrical equipment by +14.2%.

·         Registrations of new cars increased by +7.1% in September 2015 and by +17.7% during the period Jan-Sep. The local car market business expectations slightly improved to 84.6 which is lower compared to Sep’14. On the other hand, the decreasing trend in private construction continued in July (-25.2%) vs a decrease by -15.1% in Jun’15 and vs a decrease of -24.1% in Jul’14.

·         S&P downgraded long-term debt’s rating of the Piraeus Bank to D (from SD). This was due to the terms of bank’s exchange offer of subordinate debt (1.1 bios euros) either with cash or shares. S&P perceived Piraeus Bank’s corporate action as ‘distressed exchange’. Piraeus Bank represents one of Greece’s 4 systemic banks.

·         German Chancellor Angela Merkel has offered Turkey the prospect of support for faster progress on its bid to join the European Union in return for cooperation in stemming the flow of refugees and taking back those rejected by Europe. Merkel also said on Sunday Germany could accelerate the path to visa-free travel to the EU for Turks, bringing the process forward to July 2016 - a year earlier than planned. 

Risk assessment. I remain on my previous views that Greece’s Parliament will ratify, one way or another, all necessary legislation in order to proceed on a) Banks recapitalisation within 2015 and b) agree with creditors as regards debt restructuring. In addition, Greek Banks capital needs will be significantly lower than the amount of 25 bios euros which is included in 3rd MoU.

There are two main reasons which support the view that the Greek Parliament has no other option but to ratify the required structural reforms , a) Greece needs European support in order to safeguard its eastern borders, during a period of significant geopolitical changes in Middle East- Turkey region and b) Greece needs European support in order to secure its smooth transition towards a modern, internationalised economy.

Greece’s SYRIZA-led government ratified the first omnibus bill which is included in the 3^rd MoU. However, there is more legislation to come concerning taxation to farmers, opening of markets and professions, privatization and recapitalisation of Greek Banks. In the following 4 weeks, Greece will need to ratify significant legislation which will impact significant vested interests but overall country's risk has been reduced significantly since Sep's elections because the current parliament is more pro Europe, both in government & opposition terms, compared to previous one.

Although Tsipras has recently won a renewed mandate, it would be extremely difficult to secure the ratification of required legislation based on the current coalition. During last Saturday’s morning vote, he faced not only Eurosceptic opposition of communists (KKE) and fascists (Golden Dawn), but this of pro Europe opposition i.e. New democracy (centre right), PASOK (centre left), Potami (centre) and Union of Centrists. In addition, he used aggressive rhetoric against his potential centre left allies (PASOK & Potami) during his parliamentary speech, which looked like 'he cut bridges' with those parties.  

It is highly likely, that sooner rather than later he will need their support because the coming bills will be impacting stronger vested interests (i.e. farmers, public sector employees, pensioners and professionals). In addition, ratification is one thing but implementation of those changes is even harder and will face internal SYRIZA's opposition (i.e. privatizations).

Last but not least, it is the first time that a leftist Greek government governs and ratifies austerity measures. This ends a 70 year of leftist populism which resembles to the fall of Berlin’s Wall. It seems that with 25 years delay, we are experiencing the fall Athens’ Wall, but  in parliamentary terms .   

10th October, 2015, Geopolitics gradually gain ground in Greece’s daily agenda vs. economy

·         Geopolitical tensions escalate in Middle East – Turkey region. Two explosions at a peace rally in the Turkish capital Ankara have killed at least 97 people and injured 186, according to officials. The blasts took place near the city's central train station as people gathered for a march organized by leftist groups. The attack is the deadliest of its kind in modern Turkish history and it threatens the local general elections of November 1st.

·         Greece’s Prime Minister Tsipras accompanied by Defence Minister Kammenos attended the final phase of military exercise ‘Parmenion’. He stated that Greece is not at war, however is in the middle of a destabilisation triangle referring to Ukraine, Libya and Syria.

·         ECB’s Draghi stated in an interview in Kathimerini of Sunday that he has raised concerns regarding Greece’s debt sustainability and there should be elements of lighting the debt burden. He emphasized the need that the Greek Government will implement structural reforms in order to return to growth trajectory.

·         Eurogroups’s Dijsselbloem stated that Greece’s debt restructuring is feasible if Greece honours its commitments. In addition, he stated that there is ground for an agreement according to which annual cost of servicing debt won’t surpass the level of 15% of GDP.

·         New Democracy’s four leadership challengers, Meimarakis, Mitsotakis, Georgiadis and Gigikostas started their campaign. The centre right party’s elections will take place on 22^nd November.

·         Licences of new cars increased by +7.1% in September, compared to September 2014. During Jan-Sep period, licences of new cars increased by +8.1% compared to the same period of 2014.

·         Industrial output increased by +4.5% in August compared to the same month last year. This increase occurred after three consecutive months of falling industrial production. At the same time, manufacturing production increased by +4.2%, electricity production by +9% while mining output decreased by -6.1%.

·         According to Greece’s Ministry of Agriculture, exports of agricultural products increased by +15.7% during the Jan-Jul period (annualised) vs. a decrease of -9.5% during the same period in 2014. Overall the contribution of agricultural products to total country’s exports increased to 30.6% from 28.8% in 2014.

·         It appears that a Chinese bank is included among the four banks which are interested in Finansbank (Turkish subsidiary of National Bank of Greece). As a reminder, NBG’s leadership has confirmed that is planning to sell 40% of Finansbank’s stake. However, the final decision will be based on NBG’s total capital needs which will be announced after the completion of stress tests.

 

·         According to the Bank of Greece prices of offices have dropped up by -30.4% while prices of shops by -28.3% during Greece’s debt crisis. At the same time, rental prices for offices dropped by -29.3% while shops’ ones dropped by -33.9%.  

·         The former Governor of Bank of Greece Provopoulos, took over the position of the Chairman of the Bulgarian Postbank, which is a subsidiary of Greece’s Eurobank.

·         Albania’s GDP increase by 2.5% during the 2^nd quarter of 2015. Growth in local construction industry (+24.5%), manufacturing (+6.3%) mainly contributed to this increase. According to IMF, Albania’s GDP will increase by 2.7% in 2015 and by 3.4% in 2016.  
 

Risk assessment. It appears that geopolitics gradually gain ground in Greece’s daily agenda. The appearance of Tsipras wearing a military jacket in a military exercise is completely new to local public opinion. This is because local leftish political parties traditionally have been pursuing an anti-military, anti-war agenda. However, geopolitical tensions in Syria have started impacting Turkey.

Although Greece’s geopolitical role has been significantly increased during the last couple of months, due to Syrian crisis, a potential destabilisation of Turkey due to geopolitical crisis' contagion from Syrian crisis represents a major threat for Greece’s security.

Needless to say that Greece’s eastern borders, at the same time represent EU’s south east borders and a significant component of EU's energy corridor to Middle East energy resources.

The fact that at the moment all major EU’s important posts related to foreign, security, defence, management of crisis and military are held by Italians, Greek and Cypriot citizens, show the importance of EU's south eastern group of countries to overall EU's security. More specifically:

Federica Mogherini is an Italian politician and is serving as High Representative of the European Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy.

Dimitris Avramopoulos is a Greek politician and is serving as EU Commissioner for Migration, Home Affairs and Citizenship.

Christos Stylianides is a Cypriot politician and is serving as EU Commissioner for Humanitarian Aid and Crisis Management.

General Michail Kostarakos is a Greek Army officer who served as the Chief of the Hellenic National Defense General Staff in 2011–2015. He is the appointed Chairman of the European Union Military Committee, taking office from 6 November 2015.

Last but not least, although the ongoing geopolitical crisis represents a source of risk as regards Greece’s security, it could be proved as a historic opportunity to emerge as a regional safe haven and business, political and cultural hub for the region of Middle East, Turkey and Northern Africa.

As a reminder, Greece represents the only country in the region which is member of both Eurozone and NATO.